SALIENT FEATURES OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION
World's lengthiest written constitution had 395 articles in 22 parts and 8 schedules at the time of commencement. Now the Constitution of India has 448 articles in 25 parts and 12 schedules. There are 103 amendments have been made in the Indian constitution so far.
17. Three-Tier Government
1. Preamble
2. Lengthiest written constitution
3. Drawn from various sources
4. Blend
of Rigidity and flexibility
5. federal system with unitary bias
6. A Secular state
7. Parliamentary form of government
8. Fundamental rights
9. Directive Principles of state policy
10. Fundamental duties
11. Synthesis of Parliamentary Sovereignty
and
Judicial Supremacy
12. Integrated and Independent Judiciary
13. Universal Adult Franchise
14. Single Citizenship
15. Independent Bodies
16. Emergency provisions
Sources of Indian constitution
Parts and Articles
| Part | Contains | Articles |
|---|---|---|
| Part I | Union and its Territory | 1 to 4 |
| Part II | Citizenship | 5 to 11 |
| Part III | Fundamental Rights | 12 to 35 |
| Part IV | Directive Principles of State Policy | 36 to 51 |
| Part IVA | Fundamental Duties | 51A |
| Part V | The Union | 52 to 151 |
| Part VI | The States | 152 to 237 |
| Part VII | States in the B part of the First schedule (repealed by 7th Amendment) | |
| Part VIII | The Union Territories | 239 to 242 |
| Part IX | The Panchayats | 243 to 243O |
| Part IXA | The Municipalities | 243P to 243ZG |
| Part IXB | The Co-operative Societies | 243ZH to 243ZT |
| Part X | The scheduled and Tribal Areas | 244 to 244A |
| Part XI | Relations between the Union and the States | 245 to 263 |
| Part XII | Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits | 264 to 300A |
| Part XIII | Trade and Commerce within the territory of India | 301 to 307 |
| Part XIV | Services Under the Union, the States | 308 to 323 |
| Part XIVA | Tribunals | 323A to 323B |
| Part XV | Elections | 324 to 329A |
| Part XVI | Special Provisions Relating to certain Classes | 330 to 342 |
| Part XVII | Languages | 343 to 351 |
| Part XVIII | Emergency Provisions | 352 to 360 |
| Part XIX | Miscellaneous | 361 to 367 |
| Part XX | Amendment of the Constitution | 368 |
| Part XXI | Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions | 369 to 392 |
| Part XXII | Short title, date of commencement, etc. | 393 to 395 |
Schedule
| Schedule | Contains |
|---|---|
| First Schedule | Lists the states and territories of India |
| Second Schedule | Lists the salaries of officials holding public office, Presidents, judges, and Comptroller and Auditor General of India |
| Third Schedule | Forms of oaths and Affirmations of offices for elected officials including judges |
| Fourth Schedule | Allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha |
| Fifth Schedule | Provisions as to the Administration and Control of Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes |
| Sixth Schedule | Provisions as to the Administration of Tribal Areas in the States of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram |
| Seventh Schedule | The Union state, and concurrent lists of responsibilities |
| Eight Schedule | The Languages |
| Ninth Schedule | Validation of certain Acts and Regulations |
| Tenth Schedule | "Anti-defection" provisions for the Members of Parliament and the Members of the State Legislatures |
| Eleventh Schedule | Panchayat Raj |
| Twelfth Schedule | Municipalities |
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